![\"ThanhBonaventura\"](\"https:\/\/longchuathuongxot.vn\/v2\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/ThanhBonaventura-266x300.jpg\")
Th\u00e1nh Bonaventure \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sinh ra v\u00e0o kho\u1ea3ng n\u0103m 1217, ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 qua \u0111\u1eddi v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1274; ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 s\u1ed1ng \u1edf th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 13, m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ee9c tin Kit\u00f4 gi\u00e1o, s\u00e2u xa th\u1ea5m nhi\u1ec5m v\u00e0o v\u0103n h\u00f3a v\u00e0 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u00c2u Ch\u00e2u, \u0111\u00e3 g\u1ee3i h\u1ee9ng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m b\u1ea5t h\u1ee7 trong l\u00e3nh v\u1ef1c v\u1ec1 v\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng, ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt v\u1ec1 th\u1ecb gi\u00e1c, tri\u1ebft l\u00fd v\u00e0 th\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc. \u00a0N\u1ed5i nang trong s\u1ed1 nh\u1eefng nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt Kit\u00f4 gi\u00e1o l\u1edbn lao cao c\u1ea3, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e3 g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c s\u00e1ng ch\u1ebf ra m\u1ed1i h\u00f2a h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y gi\u1eefa \u0111\u1ee9c tin v\u00e0 v\u0103n h\u00f3a, ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 Th\u00e1nh Bonaventura, m\u1ed9t con ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ee7a ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 chi\u00eam ni\u1ec7m, c\u1ee7a l\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c s\u00e2u xa v\u00e0 c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ee9c kh\u00f4n ngoan qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb.<\/span><\/p>\n\n
Ng\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Gioan th\u00e0nh Fidanza. \u00a0M\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn c\u1ed1 b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd \u0111\u00e3 x\u1ea9y ra khi ng\u00e0i c\u00f2n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ee9a con trai \u0111\u00e3 s\u00e2u xa ghi d\u1ea5u v\u1ebft cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i, nh\u01b0 ch\u00ednh ng\u00e0i thu\u1eadt l\u1ea1i. \u00a0Ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m m\u1ed9t c\u01a1n b\u1ec7nh tr\u1ea7m tr\u1ecdng, \u0111\u1ebfn \u00a0n\u1ed7i ngay c\u1ea3 cha ng\u00e0i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb b\u00e1c s\u0129 c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng hy v\u1ecdng c\u1ee9u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u00e0i kh\u1ecfi ch\u1ebft. \u00a0M\u1eb9 c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd xin Th\u00e1nh Phanxic\u00f4 Assisi l\u00e0 v\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c phong th\u00e1nh tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 \u00edt l\u00e2u chuy\u1ec3n c\u1ea7u. \u00a0V\u00e0 c\u1eadu b\u00e9 Gioan \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1eefa l\u00e0nh. \u00a0H\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ngh\u00e8o Th\u00e0nh Assisi c\u00e0ng tr\u1edf n\u00ean th\u00e2n th\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t n\u0103m sau \u0111\u00f3, khi ng\u00e0i \u1edf Paris, n\u01a1i ng\u00e0i \u0111\u1ebfn lo chuy\u1ec7n h\u1ecdc v\u1ea5n c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i. \u00a0Ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 l\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u0103n b\u1eb1ng Cao H\u1ecdc v\u1ec1 Ngh\u1ec7 Thu\u1eadt, m\u1ed9t b\u1eb1ng c\u1ea5p ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 so s\u00e1nh v\u1edbi c\u1ea5p b\u1eb1ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 th\u1ebf gi\u00e1 h\u1ea1ng nh\u00ec trong th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i ch\u00fang ta. \u00a0V\u00e0o l\u00fac \u1ea5y, nh\u01b0 nhi\u1ec1u b\u1ea1n tr\u1ebb trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 trong hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, Gioan \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ecfi m\u00ecnh m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi quan tr\u1ecdng: \u201cT\u00f4i ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m g\u00ec cho \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i?\u201d \u00a0\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c thu h\u00fat b\u1edfi ch\u1ee9ng t\u1eeb v\u1ec1 l\u00f2ng s\u1ed1t s\u1eafng v\u00e0 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t s\u00e2u xa v\u1ec1 Ph\u00fac \u00c2m c\u1ee7a D\u00f2ng Em H\u00e8n M\u1ecdn, nh\u1eefng th\u00e0y d\u00f2ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ebfn Bal\u00ea v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1219. \u00a0Gioan \u0111\u00e3 g\u00f5 c\u1eeda \u0111an vi\u1ec7n Phanxic\u00f4 c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 n\u00e0y, v\u00e0 xin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea1i gia \u0111\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n m\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a Th\u00e1nh Phanxic\u00f4.<\/span><\/p>\n \n Nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m sau, ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 c\u1eaft ngh\u0129a cho bi\u1ebft nh\u1eefng l\u00fd do v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ecdn l\u1ef1a n\u00e0y c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i: Ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a Ch\u00faa Kit\u00f4 n\u01a1i Th\u00e1nh Phanxic\u00f4 c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 n\u01a1i phong tr\u00e0o do th\u00e1nh nh\u00e2n kh\u1edfi x\u01b0\u1edbng. \u00a0Ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 vi\u1ebft nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf trong m\u1ed9t b\u1ee9c th\u01b0 ng\u1ecf c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t th\u00e0y d\u00f2ng kh\u00e1c: \u201cT\u00f4i tuy\u00ean x\u01b0ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eb7t Ch\u00faa l\u00fd do khi\u1ebfn t\u00f4i y\u00eau chu\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a Ch\u00e2n Ph\u01b0\u1edbc Phanxic\u00f4 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i. \u00a0Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i b\u1eaft d\u1ea7u v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e1nh c\u00e1 b\u00ecnh d\u00e2n, v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean phong ph\u00fa h\u01a1n l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 r\u1ea5t th\u00f4ng gi\u1ecfi v\u00e0 kh\u00f4n ngoan; t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o c\u1ee7a Ch\u00e2n Ph\u01b0\u1edbc Phanxic\u00f4 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp b\u1edfi s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4n ngoan c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 b\u1edfi Ch\u00faa Kit\u00f4\u201d (Epistula de tribus quaestionibus ad magistrum innominatum, in Opere di San Bonaventura. Intoduzione generale, Rome, 1990, p. 29).<\/span><\/p>\n \n B\u1edfi th\u1ebf, v\u00e0o kh\u1ecfang n\u0103m 1243, Gioan \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1eb7c \u00e1o d\u00f2ng Phanxic\u00f4 b\u1eb1ng len th\u00f4 s\u01a1 v\u00e0 l\u1ea5y t\u00ean l\u00e0 Bonaventura. \u00a0Ng\u00e0i li\u1ec1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ec7nh h\u1ecdc h\u00e0nh v\u00e0 lui t\u1edbi v\u1edbi ph\u00e2n khoa th\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc \u1edf \u0110\u1ea1i H\u1ecdc Paris, theo \u0111u\u1ed5i m\u1ed9t ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c m\u00f4n h\u1ecdc r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3. \u00a0Ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c t\u01b0\u1edbc hi\u1ec7u kh\u00e1c nhau c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 theo ngh\u1ec1 h\u00e0n l\u00e2m, nh\u1eefng t\u01b0\u1edbc hi\u1ec7u \u201cc\u1eed nh\u00e2n th\u00e1nh kinh\u201d v\u00e0 \u201cbachelor\u2019s in sentences.\u201d \u00a0B\u1edfi th\u1ebf, Th\u00e1nh Bonaventura \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi s\u00e2u xa v\u1ec1 Th\u00e1nh Kinh, c\u00e1c C\u00e2u N\u00f3i c\u1ee7a Peter Lombard, cu\u1ed1n c\u1ea9m nang v\u1ec1 th\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc th\u1eddi b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd, v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t v\u1ec1 th\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc, v\u00e0 trong vi\u1ec7c giao ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi c\u00e1c v\u1ecb gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 v\u00e0 sinh vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn Paris t\u1eeb kh\u1eafp \u00c2u Ch\u00e2u, ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh t\u00e2m t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i v\u00e0 c\u1ea3m quan thi\u00eang li\u00eang r\u1ea5t s\u00e1ng gi\u00e1 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec trong gi\u00f2ng th\u1eddi gian c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng n\u0103m sau \u0111\u00f3, \u0111\u00e3 cho th\u1ea5y n\u01a1i c\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 b\u00e0i gi\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i, l\u00e0m cho ng\u00e0i tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng th\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc gia quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a l\u1ecbch s\u1eed Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i. \u00a0C\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i nh\u1eafc l\u1ea1i danh x\u01b0ng c\u1ee7a lu\u1eadn \u00e1n the licentia ubique docendi, nh\u01b0 b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd g\u1ecdi nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u00e0i bi\u1ec7n h\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ee3p l\u1ec7 gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y khoa th\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc. \u00a0Lu\u1eadn \u00e1n c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i mang t\u00ean \u201cNh\u1eefng V\u1ea5n \u0110\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 Ki\u1ebfn Th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a Ch\u00faa Kit\u00f4.\u201d \u00a0L\u1eadp lu\u1eadn n\u00e0y cho th\u1ea5y vai tr\u00f2 ch\u00ednh y\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a Ch\u00faa Kit\u00f4 bao gi\u1edd c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea5y n\u01a1i \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y c\u1ee7a Th\u00e1nh Bonaventura. \u00a0Th\u1eadt v\u1eady, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i \u0111\u1ec1u s\u00e2u xa qui v\u1ec1 Ch\u00faa Kit\u00f4 nh\u00e2n trung.<\/span><\/p>\n \n Trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m \u1edf Paris \u0111\u00e3 x\u1ea9y ra m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c tranh lu\u1eadn d\u1eef d\u1ed9i ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i Anh Em H\u00e8n M\u1ecdn D\u00f2ng Th\u00e1nh Phanxic\u00f4 Assisi v\u00e0 Anh Em Thuy\u1ebft Gi\u1ea3ng D\u00f2ng Th\u00e1nh \u0110aminh Guzm\u00e1n. \u00a0Cu\u1ed9c tranh c\u00e3i v\u1ec1 quy\u1ec1n gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u00e0y d\u00f2ng n\u00e0y \u1edf \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u1edd v\u1ef1c th\u1eadm ch\u00ed li\u00ean quan t\u1edbi t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t ch\u00e2n th\u1ef1c n\u01a1i \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng t\u1eadn hi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c v\u1ecb. \u00a0Th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 th\u00ec nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i mang l\u1ea1i b\u1edfi c\u00e1c D\u00f2ng H\u00e0nh Kh\u1ea5t n\u00e0y n\u01a1i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ed1i hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng tu tr\u00ec r\u1ea5t \u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1edbi m\u1ebb t\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i h\u1ebft m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ecd. \u00a0Ngo\u00e0i ra, nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00f4i khi x\u1ea9y ra n\u01a1i nh\u1eefng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi tu tr\u00ec th\u00e0nh t\u00edn, l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t t\u1eeb t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng y\u1ebfu \u0111u\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 th\u00e8m mu\u1ed1n v\u00e0 ghen t\u01b0\u01a1ng. \u00a0Th\u00e1nh Bonaventura, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 b\u1ecb b\u1ee7a v\u00e2y b\u1edfi s\u1ef1 ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u1eeb th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc, \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y v\u1edbi t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch l\u00e0 khoa tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u00e0y D\u00f2ng Phanxcic\u00f4, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng ai \u0111ang ph\u00ea b\u00ecnh ch\u1ec9 tr\u00edch c\u00e1c H\u1ed9i D\u00f2ng H\u00e0nh Kh\u1ea5t, ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 vi\u1ebft m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n v\u0103n t\u1ef1a \u0111\u1ec1 l\u00e0 \u201cS\u1ef1 Tr\u1ecdn L\u00e0nh Ph\u00fac \u00c2m.\u201d \u00a0Trong b\u1ea3n vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y, ng\u00e0i cho th\u1ea5y l\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o c\u00e1c D\u00f2ng Tu H\u00e0nh Kh\u1ea5t, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 D\u00f2ng Anh Em H\u00e8n M\u1ecdn, khi th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh c\u00e1c l\u1eddi kh\u1ea5n kh\u00f3 ngh\u00e8o, thanh t\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 v\u00e2ng ph\u1ee5c, l\u00e0 theo \u0111u\u1ed5i c\u00e1c l\u1eddi khuy\u00ean c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh Ph\u00fac \u00c2m. \u00a0Ngo\u00e0i nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p l\u1ecbch s\u1eed \u1ea5y, vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y c\u1ee7a Th\u00e1nh Bonaventura n\u01a1i t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m n\u00e0y c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i bao gi\u1edd c\u0169ng l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec h\u1ee3p th\u1eddi: Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh r\u1ea1ng ng\u1eddi v\u00e0 tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi nh\u1edd l\u00f2ng trung th\u00e0nh v\u1edbi \u01a1n g\u1ecdi n\u01a1i nh\u1eefng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi nam n\u1eef c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i l\u00e0 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ch\u1eb3ng nh\u1eefng mang ra th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb c\u1ee7a ph\u00fac \u00e2m, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n, nh\u1edd \u01a1n Ch\u00faa, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00eau g\u1ecdi \u0111\u1ec3 tu\u00e2n gi\u1eef l\u1eddi khuy\u00ean n\u1eefa, nh\u1edd \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0m ch\u1ee9ng, qua l\u1ed1i s\u1ed1ng ngh\u00e8o n\u00e0n, thanh t\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 tu\u00e2n ph\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, r\u1eb1ng Ph\u00fac \u00c2m l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n vui v\u00e0 tr\u1ecdn l\u00e0nh.<\/span><\/p>\n \n Cu\u1ed9c xung kh\u1eafc n\u00e0y ch\u00ecm xu\u1ed1ng, \u00edt l\u00e0 qua m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian, v\u00e0, nh\u1edd vi\u1ec7c can thi\u1ec7p ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00e1o Ho\u00e0ng Alexander IV, v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1257, Th\u00e1nh Bonaventura \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn l\u00e0 ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 v\u00e0 l\u00e0 gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea1i H\u1ecdc Paris. \u00a0Cho d\u00f9 l\u00e0 th\u1ebf, ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eeb nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ecb th\u1ebf vinh d\u1ef1 n\u00e0y, v\u00ec c\u00f9ng n\u0103m \u1ea5y, \u0110\u1ea1i C\u00f4ng Ngh\u1ecb c\u1ee7a d\u00f2ng ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 tuy\u1ec3n b\u1ea7u ng\u00e0i l\u00e0m b\u1ec1 tr\u00ean t\u1ed5ng quy\u1ec1n.<\/span><\/p>\n \n Ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 thi h\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y 17 n\u0103m tr\u1eddi m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch kh\u00f4n ngoan v\u00e0 t\u1eadn t\u00e2m, th\u0103m vi\u1ebfng c\u00e1c t\u1ec9nh d\u00f2ng, vi\u1ebft th\u01b0 cho an hem d\u00f2ng, c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng l\u00fac nghi\u00eam ngh\u1ecb can thi\u1ec7p v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c lo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9 l\u1ea1m d\u1ee5ng. \u00a0Khi Th\u00e1nh Banaventura b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 th\u00ec D\u00f2ng Anh Em H\u00e8n M\u1ecdn \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch phi th\u01b0\u1eddng: B\u1ea5y gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 30 ng\u00e0n tu s\u0129 tr\u1ea3i r\u1ed9ng kh\u1eafp ph\u00eda T\u00e2y, v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n truy\u1ec1n gi\u00e1o \u1edf B\u1eafc Phi, Trung \u0110\u00f4ng v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 B\u1eafc Kinh. \u00a0C\u1ea7n c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 vi\u1ec7c lan r\u1ed9ng n\u00e0y v\u00e0 nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 c\u1ed1ng hi\u1ebfn cho n\u00f3 m\u1ed1i hi\u1ec7p nh\u1ea5t v\u1ec1 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 tinh th\u1ea7n, ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n trung th\u00e0nh v\u1edbi \u0111\u1eb7c s\u1ee7ng c\u1ee7a Th\u00e1nh Phanxic\u00f4. \u00a0Th\u1eadt v\u1eady, trong s\u1ed1 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n m\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a V\u1ecb Th\u00e1nh th\u00e0nh Assisi n\u00e0y c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c kh\u00e1c nhau n\u01a1i vi\u1ec7c d\u1eabn gi\u1ea3i s\u1ee9 \u0111i\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a th\u00e1nh nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 x\u1ea9y ra t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng ph\u00e2n ly n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9. \u00a0\u0110\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh m\u1ed1i nguy hi\u1ec3m n\u00e0y, v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1260, \u0110\u1ea1i C\u00f4ng Ngh\u1ecb c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 d\u00f2ng \u1edf Narbonne \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn v\u00e0 ph\u00ea chu\u1ea9n m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n v\u0103n do Th\u00e1nh Bonaventura so\u1ea1n th\u1ea3o, m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n v\u0103n th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t c\u00e1c qui t\u1eafc chi ph\u1ed1i \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng h\u1eb1ng ng\u00e0y c\u1ee7a Anh Em D\u00f2ng H\u00e8n M\u1ecdn. \u00a0Tuy nhi\u00ean, Th\u00e1nh Bonaventura \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1ef1c gi\u00e1c th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed v\u1ec1 ph\u00e1p l\u00fd, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch kh\u00f4n ngoan v\u00e0 dung h\u1ee3p, c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m m\u1ed1i hi\u1ec7p th\u00f4ng v\u1ec1 tinh th\u1ea7n v\u00e0 t\u00e2m can. \u00a0C\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i chia s\u1ebb c\u00f9ng l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 c\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c s\u1ed1ng. \u00a0\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00fd do v\u1ecb b\u1ec1 tr\u00ean Bonaventura mu\u1ed1n tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y \u0111\u1eb7c s\u1ee7ng ch\u00e2n th\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a Th\u00e1nh Phanxic\u00f4, \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a th\u00e1nh nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n c\u1ee7a th\u00e1nh nh\u00e2n. \u00a0B\u1edfi v\u1eady ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c nhi\u1ec7t th\u00e0nh thu g\u00f3p c\u00e1c v\u0103n ki\u1ec7n li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn Con Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ngh\u00e8o n\u00e0y v\u00e0 ch\u0103m ch\u00fa l\u1eafng nghe nh\u1eefng h\u1ed3i ni\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ai tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp bi\u1ebft th\u00e1nh Phanxic\u00f4. \u00a0T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 m\u1edbi c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t ti\u1ec3u s\u1eed, theo l\u1ecbch s\u1eed r\u1ea5t v\u1eefng v\u00e0ng, v\u1ec1 V\u1ecb Th\u00e1nh Assisi, v\u1edbi nhan \u0111\u1ec1 l\u00e0 Legenda Maior, c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch r\u1ea5t c\u00f4 \u0111\u1ecdng x\u00fac t\u00edch v\u00e0 b\u1edfi th\u1ebf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Truy\u1ec1n Thuy\u1ebft – Legend. \u00a0Ch\u1eef Latinh, ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi \u00dd ng\u1eef, (v\u00e0 Anh ng\u1eef, legend), kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 hoa tr\u00e1i c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng, tr\u00e1i l\u1ea1i, Legenda ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n v\u0103n c\u00f3 th\u1ebf gi\u00e1, \u201c\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecdc\u201d m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c. \u00a0Th\u1eadt v\u1eady, \u0110\u1ea1i C\u00f4ng Ngh\u1ecb c\u1ee7a D\u00f2ng Anh Em H\u00e8n M\u1ecdn n\u0103m 1263, di\u1ec5n ra \u1edf Pisa, \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn n\u01a1i cu\u1ed1n ti\u1ec3u s\u1eed do Th\u00e1nh Bonaventura th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n l\u00e0 ch\u00e2n dung trung th\u1ef1c nh\u1ea5t v\u1ec1 v\u1ecb s\u00e1ng l\u1eadp v\u00e0 v\u00ec th\u1ebf cu\u1ed1n n\u00e0y tr\u1edf n\u00ean cu\u1ed1n ti\u1ec3u s\u1ee9 ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a v\u1ecb th\u00e1nh s\u00e1ng l\u1eadp d\u00f2ng.<\/span><\/p>\n \n H\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh v\u1ec1 Th\u00e1nh Phanxic\u00f4 ra sao khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t t\u1eeb con tim v\u00e0 ng\u00f2i b\u00fat c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi con v\u00e0 l\u00e0 th\u1eeba k\u1ebf vi\u00ean Bonaventura c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh? \u00a0\u0110i\u1ec3m thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu: Th\u00e1nh Phanxic\u00f4 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t Ch\u00faa Kit\u00f4 kh\u00e1c, m\u1ed9t con ng\u01b0\u1eddi say m\u00ea t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm Ch\u00faa Kit\u00f4. \u00a0Theo t\u00ecnh y\u00eau th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y vi\u1ec7c noi g\u01b0\u01a1ng b\u1eaft ch\u01b0\u1edbc, th\u00e1nh nh\u00e2n ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n n\u00ean gi\u1ed1ng Ng\u01b0\u1eddi. \u00a0Th\u00e1nh Bonaventura v\u1ea1ch ra l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng s\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n m\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a Th\u00e1nh Phanxic\u00f4. \u00a0L\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng n\u00e0y, c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb cho h\u1ebft m\u1ecdi Kit\u00f4 h\u1eefu, h\u00f4m qua, h\u00f4m nay v\u00e0 m\u00e3i m\u00e3i, c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ea5n \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh cho Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a Ng\u00e0n N\u0103m Th\u1ee9 Ba b\u1edfi v\u1ecb ti\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea5ng \u0110\u00e1ng K\u00ednh Gioan Phaol\u00f4 II. \u00a0Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y, ng\u00e0i vi\u1ebft trong t\u00f4ng th\u01b0 \u201cTertio Millennio Ineunte,\u201d \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qui v\u1ec1 \u201cCh\u00ednh Ch\u00faa Kit\u00f4, \u0110\u1ea5ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft, y\u00eau m\u1ebfn v\u00e0 b\u1eaft ch\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ed1ng trong Ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng Ba Ng\u00f4i, v\u00e0 v\u1edbi Ng\u01b0\u1eddi, bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i l\u1ecbch s\u1eed cho t\u1edbi t\u1ea7m v\u00f3c vi\u00ean tr\u1ecdn c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 trong Gi\u00earusalem thi\u00ean \u0111\u00ecnh\u201d (s\u1ed1 29).<\/span><\/p>\n \n V\u00e0o n\u0103m 1273, \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a Th\u00e1nh Bonaventura l\u1ea1i x\u1ea9y ra m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed5i thay. \u00a0\u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00e1o Ho\u00e0ng Gregory X mu\u1ed1n t\u1ea5n phong ng\u00e0i l\u00e0m gi\u00e1m m\u1ee5c v\u00e0 tuy\u1ec3n ng\u00e0i l\u00e0m h\u1ed3ng y. \u00a0V\u1ecb Gi\u00e1o Ho\u00e0ng n\u00e0y c\u0169ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ng\u00e0i s\u1eeda so\u1ea1n cho m\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn c\u1ed1 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 C\u00f4ng \u0110\u1ed3ng Chung Lyon L\u1ea7n Th\u1ee9 Hai, m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1eafm m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau t\u00e1i thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp m\u1ed1i hi\u1ec7p th\u00f4ng gi\u1eefa Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i Latinh v\u00e0 Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i Hy L\u1ea1p. \u00a0Ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ea5n th\u00e2n cho c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch chuy\u00ean c\u1ea7n, th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00fac k\u1ebft th\u00fac c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c th\u01b0\u1ee3ng ngh\u1ecb v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ea1i k\u1ebft n\u00e0y, v\u00ec ng\u00e0i ch\u1ebft trong khi c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111ang di\u1ec5n ti\u1ebfn. \u00a0M\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng ch\u1ee9ng vi\u00ean v\u00f4 danh c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u00e3 s\u00e1ng t\u00e1c m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n t\u00e1n d\u01b0\u01a1ng Th\u00e1nh Bonaventura, m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n t\u00e1n d\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ed1ng hi\u1ebfn cho ch\u00fang ta b\u1ee9c ch\u00e2n dung t\u00f3m g\u1ecdn v\u1ec1 v\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea1i th\u00e1nh n\u00e0y v\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc gia tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi n\u00e0y: \u201cM\u1ed9t con ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t l\u00e0nh, ni\u1ec1m n\u1edf, \u0111\u1ea1o h\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n \u00e1i, \u0111\u1ea7y nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ee9c, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa v\u00e0 lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi y\u00eau th\u01b0\u01a1ng\u2026 \u00a0Th\u1eadt v\u1eady, Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa \u0111\u00e3 ban cho ng\u00e0i \u00e2n s\u1ee7ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng ai th\u1ea5y ng\u00e0i \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2m chi\u1ebfm b\u1edfi m\u1ed9t th\u1ee9 t\u00ecnh y\u00eau m\u00e0 t\u00e2m can kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u00e0o gi\u1ea5u di\u1ebfm\u201d (cf. J.G. Bougerol, Bonaventura, in A. Vauchez (vv.aa), Storia dei Santi e della santita cristiana. Vol. VI. L’epoca del rinnovamento evangelico, Milan, 1991, p. 91).<\/span><\/p>\n \n Ch\u00fang ta h\u00e3y ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c di s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a v\u1ecb th\u00e1nh n\u00e0y, v\u1ecb ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 c\u1ee7a H\u1ed9i Th\u00e1nh, v\u1ecb nh\u1eafc nh\u1edf ch\u00fang ta v\u1ec1 \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi ch\u00fang ta b\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi n\u00e0y\u201d Tr\u00ean tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t\u2026 ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chi\u00eam ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u00e1i v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i bao la th\u1ea7n linh b\u1eb1ng l\u00fd lu\u1eadn v\u00e0 ng\u1ee3i khen; \u1edf qu\u00ea h\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ean tr\u1eddi, tr\u00e1i l\u1ea1i, qua vi\u1ec7c h\u01b0\u1edfng ki\u1ebfn, b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m cho n\u00ean nh\u01b0 Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa, v\u00e0 nh\u1edd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u1ea5t ng\u00e2y \u2013 ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd hoan h\u01b0\u1edfng ni\u1ec1m vui c\u1ee7a Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa\u201d (La conoscenza di Cristo, q. 6, conclusione, in Opere di San Bonaventura. Opuscoli Teologici \/1, Rome, 1993, p. 187).<\/span><\/p>\n \n \u0110aminh Maria Cao T\u1ea5n T\u0129nh<\/strong>, <\/span>BVL<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n chuy\u1ec3n d\u1ecbch theo t\u00edn li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Zenit ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y 3\/3\/2010<\/span><\/p>\n \n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Th\u00e1nh Bonaventure \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sinh ra v\u00e0o kho\u1ea3ng n\u0103m 1217, ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 qua \u0111\u1eddi v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1274; ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 s\u1ed1ng \u1edf th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 13, m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ee9c tin Kit\u00f4 gi\u00e1o, s\u00e2u xa th\u1ea5m nhi\u1ec5m v\u00e0o v\u0103n h\u00f3a v\u00e0 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u00c2u Ch\u00e2u, \u0111\u00e3 g\u1ee3i h\u1ee9ng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m b\u1ea5t h\u1ee7 trong l\u00e3nh v\u1ef1c …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":66934,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[11,19],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-66933","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-chia-se","category-tieu-diem"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/longchuathuongxot.vn\/v2\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/66933","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/longchuathuongxot.vn\/v2\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/longchuathuongxot.vn\/v2\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/longchuathuongxot.vn\/v2\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/longchuathuongxot.vn\/v2\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=66933"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/longchuathuongxot.vn\/v2\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/66933\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":66935,"href":"https:\/\/longchuathuongxot.vn\/v2\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/66933\/revisions\/66935"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/longchuathuongxot.vn\/v2\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/66934"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/longchuathuongxot.vn\/v2\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=66933"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/longchuathuongxot.vn\/v2\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=66933"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/longchuathuongxot.vn\/v2\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=66933"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}