{"id":26445,"date":"2016-04-23T15:15:11","date_gmt":"2016-04-23T15:15:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/longchuathuongxot.vn\/v2\/?p=26445"},"modified":"2016-04-23T15:15:11","modified_gmt":"2016-04-23T15:15:11","slug":"thi-kien-than-nghiem-da-bien-doi-blaise-pascal","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/longchuathuongxot.vn\/v2\/thi-kien-than-nghiem-da-bien-doi-blaise-pascal\/","title":{"rendered":"Th\u1ecb ki\u1ebfn th\u1ea7n nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i Blaise Pascal"},"content":{"rendered":"

Blaise Pascal l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XVII. \u00d4ng l\u00e0 nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc, to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc, nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t minh, n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng v\u00ec nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ed9t ph\u00e1. \u00d4ng c\u0169ng l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o s\u1ed1t s\u1eafng v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 vi\u1ebft m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m bi\u1ec7n gi\u00e1o l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i m\u00ecnh.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00fac n\u00e0o \u00f4ng c\u0169ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee9c tin m\u1ea1nh, v\u00e0 c\u00f3 l\u00fac c\u00f2n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee9c tin. Sau khi d\u00e0nh g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1eddi v\u00e0o ki\u1ec3u l\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ea1o tr\u00ean danh ngh\u0129a, \u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t c\u1ea3m nghi\u1ec7m bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i s\u00e2u s\u1eafc, m\u1ed9t th\u1ea7n nghi\u1ec7m.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"Blaise<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

Pascal sinh t\u1ea1i Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1623. \u00d4ng l\u00e0 con th\u1ee9 hai trong ba ng\u01b0\u1eddi con, m\u1eb9 \u00f4ng m\u1ea5t khi \u00f4ng m\u1edbi 3 tu\u1ed5i. V\u00e0i n\u0103m sau, cha \u00f4ng d\u1eddi c\u1ea3 nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebfn Paris.<\/span><\/p>\n

S\u1ef1 th\u00f4ng minh c\u1ee7a Pascal \u0111\u00e3 l\u1ed9 r\u00f5 t\u1eeb l\u00fac c\u00f2n nh\u1ecf, n\u00ean cha \u00f4ng quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1y ri\u00eang cho \u00f4ng \u1edf nh\u00e0. V\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 sinh hoa k\u1ebft tr\u00e1i, khi m\u1edbi 16 tu\u1ed5i, Pascal \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ed9t ph\u00e1 trong to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 c\u00f2n tranh lu\u1eadn h\u00e0n l\u00e2m v\u1edbi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc chuy\u00ean ng\u00e0nh. \u0110\u1ebfn n\u0103m 19 tu\u1ed5i, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t minh ra m\u00e1y t\u00ednh t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng, v\u00e0 b\u00e1n cho nhi\u1ec1u gia \u0111\u00ecnh gi\u00e0u c\u00f3 tr\u00ean kh\u1eafp ch\u00e2u \u00c2u. Nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 20 v\u00e0 30 tu\u1ed5i, Pascal c\u00f3 th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u quan tr\u1ecdng trong to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea, v\u00e0 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 quan tr\u1ecdng v\u1ec1 ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng v\u00e0 \u00e1p l\u1ef1c.<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u0103m 1656, cha \u00f4ng b\u1ecb ng\u00e3 g\u00e3y x\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u00f4ng, m\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng kinh kh\u1ee7ng v\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3. Hai b\u00e1c s\u1ef9 ch\u0103m s\u00f3c cho cha \u00f4ng trong su\u1ed1t v\u00e0i th\u00e1ng tr\u1eddi, l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o s\u1ed1t s\u1eafng. Qua t\u00ecnh b\u1ea1n v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng l\u1ea7n trao \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1edbi h\u1ecd, Pascal b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u suy ngh\u0129 nghi\u00eam t\u00fac h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 vi\u1ebft ti\u1ec3u s\u1eed g\u1ecdi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u2018ho\u00e1n c\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean\u2019 c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng. Nh\u01b0ng s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i n\u00e0y h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 ch\u1ec9 mang t\u00ednh tri th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng k\u00e9o d\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e2u. Khi cha \u00f4ng m\u1ea5t v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1651, \u00f4ng r\u1eddi b\u1ecf t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o v\u00e0 \u0111i v\u00e0o \u2018giai \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u1ea7n t\u1ee5c.\u2019 Kh\u00f4ng l\u00e2u sau, em g\u00e1i c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0o tu vi\u1ec7n, v\u00e0 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t cho \u0111i m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n ba gia s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a cha \u00f4ng. Ch\u1ecb g\u00e1i c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 d\u00f9ng ph\u1ea7n th\u1eeba k\u1ebf c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh l\u00e0m c\u1ee7a h\u1ed3i m\u00f4n, n\u00ean b\u00e2y gi\u1edd Pascal ch\u1ec9 c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t m\u00ecnh, v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n ba t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a cha, nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 cha m\u1eb9, c\u00f2n ch\u1ecb em th\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 ho\u00e0n theo nh\u1eefng h\u01b0\u1edbng kh\u00e1c.<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i, \u00f4ng ngh\u00e8o v\u00e0 c\u00f4 \u0111\u01a1n. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00fac Ch\u00faa \u0111i v\u00e0o cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi \u00f4ng th\u1eadt kinh ng\u1ea1c.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ng\u00e0y 23-11-1654, Pascal \u0111ang \u1edf nh\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u00ecnh. M\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 l\u1eb7n v\u00e0 m\u00e0n \u0111\u00eam bao ph\u1ee7. \u00d4ng \u0111ang chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb \u0111i ng\u1ee7, th\u00ec kho\u1ea3ng 10h30, b\u1ea5t th\u00ecnh m\u1ed9t chuy\u1ec7n g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 si\u00eau nhi\u00ean x\u1ea3y \u0111\u1ebfn. Kh\u00f4ng r\u00f5 l\u00e0 th\u1ea5y g\u00ec, nh\u01b0ng th\u1ecb ki\u1ebfn th\u1ea7n nghi\u1ec7m kinh ng\u1ea1c k\u00e9o d\u00e0i trong \u00f4ng su\u1ed1t hai ti\u1ebfng \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3. Ngay khi th\u1ecb ki\u1ebfn v\u1eeba qua, \u00f4ng ch\u1ee5p l\u1ea5y gi\u1ea5y v\u00e0 vi\u1ebft ra nh\u1eefng g\u00ec v\u1eeba cu\u1ed3n cu\u1ed9n trong \u0111\u1ea7u m\u00ecnh.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng d\u00f2ng c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng:<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u0103m \u00e2n s\u1ee7ng 1654,<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

Ng\u00e0y th\u1ee9 hai, 23 th\u00e1ng m\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1ed9t, l\u1ec5 th\u00e1nh Clemente, gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng t\u1eed \u0111\u1ea1o, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n t\u1eed \u0111\u1ea1o. \u0110\u00eam tr\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1ec5 th\u00e1nh Chrysogonus, t\u1eed \u0111\u1ea1o v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n. T\u1eeb l\u00fac kho\u1ea3ng m\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u1edd r\u01b0\u1ee1i \u0111\u1ebfn kho\u1ea3ng m\u01b0\u1eddi hai gi\u1edd r\u01b0\u1ee1i \u0111\u00eam.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

L\u1eecA<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

THI\u00caN CH\u00daA c\u1ee7a Abraham, THI\u00caN CH\u00daA c\u1ee7a Issac, THI\u00caN CH\u00daA c\u1ee7a Giac\u00f3p,<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng tri\u1ebft gia v\u00e0 h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

Tin ch\u1eafc. Tin ch\u1eafc. C\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c. Vui m\u1eebng. B\u00ecnh an.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

THI\u00caN CH\u00daA c\u1ee7a Ch\u00faa Gi\u00easu Kit\u00f4.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

Ch\u00faa c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i v\u00e0 Ch\u00faa c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

CH\u00daA c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd l\u00e0 Ch\u00faa c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 m\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 s\u1ebd b\u1ecb l\u00e3ng qu\u00ean, ngo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb CH\u00daA.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

Ch\u1ec9 t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Ng\u00e0i b\u1eb1ng con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng m\u00e0 Tin m\u1eebng d\u1ea1y.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

Linh h\u1ed3n con ng\u01b0\u1eddi cao c\u1ea3 thay.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

Cha C\u00f4ng ch\u00ednh, th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft Cha, nh\u01b0ng con bi\u1ebft Cha.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

Vui, vui, vui, nh\u1eefng gi\u1ecdt n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eaft c\u1ee7a ni\u1ec1m vui.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

Con \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecf Ng\u00e0i.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

H\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecf con, ngu\u1ed3n su\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1eb1ng s\u1ed1ng.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

L\u1ea1y Ch\u00faa con, Ch\u00faa c\u00f3 b\u1ecf con?<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

Xin \u0111\u1eebng \u0111\u1ec3 con xa Ng\u00e0i m\u00e3i m\u00e3i.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng b\u1ea5t di\u1ec7t, l\u00e0 h\u1ecd bi\u1ebft Ng\u00e0i, \u0110\u1ea5ng l\u00e0 Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa th\u1eadt, \u0110\u1ea5ng m\u00e0 Cha \u0111\u00e3 sai \u0111\u1ebfn, Ch\u00faa Gi\u00easu Kit\u00f4.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

Ch\u00faa Gi\u00easu Kit\u00f4.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

Ch\u00faa Gi\u00easu Kit\u00f4.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

Con \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecf Ng\u00e0i, con \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1ed1n Ng\u00e0i, khi Ng\u00e0i b\u1ecb l\u00ean \u00e1n, b\u1ecb \u0111\u00f3ng \u0111inh.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

Xin \u0111\u1eebng \u0111\u1ec3 con m\u00e3i m\u00e3i xa Ng\u00e0i.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

Ch\u1ec9 t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Ng\u00e0i b\u1eb1ng con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng m\u00e0 Tin m\u1eebng d\u1ea1y.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

T\u1eeb b\u1ecf, ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n v\u00e0 ng\u1ecdt ng\u00e0o.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

Ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n quy ph\u1ee5c Ch\u00faa Gi\u00easu Kit\u00f4 \u0110\u1ea5ng ch\u1ec9 l\u1ed1i cho con.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

Xin cho con \u0111\u1eebng qu\u00ean l\u1eddi Ng\u00e0i. <\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

Amen.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

R\u1ed3i \u00f4ng g\u1ea5p m\u1ea3nh gi\u1ea5y v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 trong t\u00fai \u00e1o, m\u1ea3nh gi\u1ea5y n\u00e0y theo \u00f4ng \u0111\u1ebfn su\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eddi. V\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 sau khi \u00f4ng ch\u1ebft, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta m\u1edbi kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 ra.<\/span><\/p>\n

Kh\u00f4ng nh\u01b0 s\u1ef1 ho\u00e1n c\u1ea3i mang t\u00ednh tri th\u1ee9c ban \u0111\u1ea7u, s\u1ef1 ho\u00e1n c\u1ea3i l\u1ea7n n\u00e0y l\u00e0 \u1edf trong tim. \u00d4ng h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 b\u1ecf c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 t\u1eadn hi\u1ebfn cho th\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 bi\u1ec7n gi\u00e1o. V\u00e0i n\u0103m sau, \u00f4ng cho xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n C\u00e1c L\u00e1 Th\u01b0 T\u1ec9nh H\u1ea1t, m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng ng\u1ee5y bi\u1ec7n lu\u00e2n l\u00fd, m\u1ed9t t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m nhanh ch\u00f3ng n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 v\u00ec c\u00e1c l\u00fd l\u1ebd m\u00e0 c\u00f2n v\u00ec gi\u1ecdng v\u0103n tr\u00e0o ph\u00fang h\u00e0i h\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/span><\/p>\n

Kho\u1ea3ng 35 tu\u1ed5i, \u00f4ng vi\u1ebft m\u1ed9t t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m bi\u1ec7n gi\u00e1o to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n v\u1edbi t\u1ef1a \u0111\u1ec1 \u2018Bi\u1ec7n h\u1ed9 Kit\u00f4 gi\u00e1o.\u2019 Nh\u01b0ng \u00f4ng l\u00e2m b\u1ec7nh v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t n\u00f3. Ng\u00e0i 18-08-1662, \u00f4ng l\u00ean c\u01a1n co gi\u1eadt v\u00e0 l\u00e3nh nh\u1eadn c\u00e1c B\u00ed t\u00edch sau c\u00f9ng. S\u00e1ng h\u00f4m sau, \u00f4ng qua \u0111\u1eddi \u1edf tu\u1ed5i 39. Nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi cu\u1ed1i \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2018Xin Ch\u00faa \u0111\u1eebng bao gi\u1edd b\u1ecf con.\u2019<\/span><\/h2>\n

J.B. Th\u00e1i H\u00f2a<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Ngu\u1ed3n: Phanxicovn<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Blaise Pascal l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XVII. \u00d4ng l\u00e0 nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc, to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc, nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t minh, n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng v\u00ec nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ed9t ph\u00e1. \u00d4ng c\u0169ng l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o s\u1ed1t s\u1eafng v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 vi\u1ebft m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m bi\u1ec7n gi\u00e1o l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i m\u00ecnh. …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":26446,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[19,30],"tags":[6598],"class_list":["post-26445","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tieu-diem","category-tin-giao-hoi","tag-thi-kien-than-nghiem-da-bien-doi-blaise-pascal"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/longchuathuongxot.vn\/v2\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26445","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/longchuathuongxot.vn\/v2\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/longchuathuongxot.vn\/v2\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/longchuathuongxot.vn\/v2\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/longchuathuongxot.vn\/v2\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=26445"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/longchuathuongxot.vn\/v2\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26445\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":26447,"href":"https:\/\/longchuathuongxot.vn\/v2\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26445\/revisions\/26447"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/longchuathuongxot.vn\/v2\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/26446"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/longchuathuongxot.vn\/v2\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=26445"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/longchuathuongxot.vn\/v2\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=26445"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/longchuathuongxot.vn\/v2\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=26445"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}